ประโยคซึ่งกล่าวโต้ตอบกัน
ประโยคโต้ตอบที่ตอบด้วย Yes หรือ No ให้ทำดังนี้
1. เปลี่ยน said to เป็น told + ผู้ถูกบอก + that หรือ said that
เมื่อประโยคเดิม = Yes, + ข้อความ present tense
Direct : Dang said, “Do you always do that ?”
“Yes, I do,” Anong replied.
Indirect : Dang asked Anong if she always did that, and she said that she did.
หรือ: … and she accepted that. (=ยอมรับ)
(= and she said that she always did it.)
2. ถ้าประโยคตอบรับเป็น Yes,+ฃ้อความ future จะใช้ promised (that …) แทนกริยาเดิมก็ได้
Direct : Dang said, “Will you do that.”
“Yes, I will,” Anong replied
Indirect : Dang asked Anong if she would do that, and she said she would.
หรือ: … and she promised.
= …and she promised that she would.).
Direct : “Will you come out tonight ?”
“Yes”
Indirect : He asked her if she would go out with him that night and she said she would.
หรือ: … and she promised.
( = … and she promised that she would.)
3. เมื่อประโยคตอบขึ้นต้นด้วย No จะใช้กริยาตามปกติ หรือจะใช้กริยา refused หรือ denied แทนก็ได้
Direct : “Will you come out tonight ?”
“No.”
Indirect : He asked her if she would go out with him but she said she wouldn’t.
หรือ… but she refused. (ใช้ refuse เมื่อปฏิเสธไม่ยอมปฏิบัติอย่างใดอย่างหนึ่ง)
Direct : “Did anybody call during my absence ?”
“No.”
Indirect : He asked her if anybody had called during his absence, but she said that they hadn’t.
หรือ : … but she denied. (ใช้ denied เมื่อปฏิเสธว่าไม่เป็นความจริง)
ตัวอย่างระคน
1. I said, “Don’t you think this book is very interesting ?”
He said, “Yes, I do.”
I asked him if he did not think that the book was very interesting and he said that it was. ( =… and he agreed.)
2. “Will you come to tea on Wednesday ?” I said.
“Yes, thank you,” he said.
I asked him to come to tea on Wednesday and he accepted.
ผมขอให้เขาไปรับประทานนํ้าชาในวันพุธ และเขายอมรับ (คำเชิญ)
3. “Did you go there yesterday ?”
“No, I didn’t.”
I asked him if he had gone there the day before, and he said he hadn’t.
(=… and he denied that he had done so.)
ผมถามเขาว่า เมื่อวันก่อนเขาไปที่นั่นหรือ เขาตอบว่าไม่ได้ไป
4. The traveller said, “Can you tell me the way to the nearest inn ?”
“Yes,” said the peasant, “do you want the one in which you can spend the night ?
“No,” replied the traveller, “I only want a meal.”
The traveller asked the peasant if he could tell him the way to the nearest inn. The peasant replied that he could, and asked whether the traveller wanted the one in which he could spend the night. The traveller answered that he did not wish to stay there, but only wanted a meal.
คนเดินทางถามชาวชนบทคนนั้นว่า เขาจะบอกทางไปที่พักคนเดินทางที่ใกล้ที่สุดแก่เขาได้ไหม ชาวชนบทตอบว่าเขาบอกได้ และถามคนเดินทางผู้นั้นว่าเขาต้องการที่พักซึ่งค้างคืนได้ใช่หรือไม่ คนเดินทางตอบว่า เขาไม่ประสงค์จะพักที่นั่น เขาเพียงแต่ต้องการอาหารสักมื้อหนึ่งเท่านั้น
5. “Sam,” said Mr. Pickwick, grasping his hand, “you’re a capital fellow, an invaluable fellow. You must follow him, Sam.”
“Certainly, sir,” replied Mr. Weller.
“The instant you discover him, write to me immediately, Sam,” said Mr. Pickwick If he attempts to run away from you, knock him down, or lock him up. You have my full authority, Sam.”
“I’ll be very careful, sir,” rejoined Sam.
“You’ll tell him,” said Mr. Pickwick, “that I am highly excited, highly displeased, and naturally indignant.”
“ I will, sir,” replied Sam.
“You think you can find him, Sam ?” said Mr. Pickwick, looking earnestly in his face
“Oh, I’ll find him if he’s anywhere,” rejoined Sam with great confidence.
Mr. Pickwick grasped Sam’s hand and assured him that he considered him a capital fellow, an invaluble fellow. Then he told him that he must follow the man; and Sam readily agreed. He instructed Sam that he was to write him as soon as he discovered the ruffian and that if he attempted to run away, Sam was to knock him down or lock him up, with Mr. Pickwick’s full authority. Sam replied that he would be very careful. Mr. pickwick then continued telling him to be sure to let the villain know how excited, how displeased, how indignant Mr. Pickwick was, and Sam promised to do this also. Then Mr. Picwick looked earnestly in his face and asked him if he thought he could find him, and Sam answered confidently that he would find him if he was anywhere.
6. The headmaster said, “Come in, Smith. What do you want ?”
Smith said, “May I stay at home on Wednesday, sir ? My father is returning from India.”
The headmaster said, “At what time will he arrive ?”
Smith said, “The plane is due to arrive at 3 p.m.”
The headmaster said, “You must come to school in the morning on Wednesday, but you may be absent in the afternoon. Is that all right for you ?”
Smith said, “That will be fine, sir.
The headmaster said, “Please give your father my greetings when you meet him. We were at school together. Did you know that ?
Smith said, “I did, sir. My father told me
The headmaster told Smith to come in and asked what he wanted. Smith asked whether he might stay at home on Wednesday, and said that his father was returning from India. The headmaster asked at what time he would arrive Smith said (that) the plane was due to arrive at 3 p.m. The headmaster said (that) he had to come to school in the morning on Wednesday, but (that) he might be absent in the afternoon. He asked whether (if) that was all right for him. Smith said that would be fine. The headmaster asked him to give his father his greeting when he met him, and said (that) they had been at school together. He asked Smith if (whether) he had known that. Smith said he had, and said that his father had told him.
ที่มา:เลิศ เกษรคำ